Wie wird diese Karikatur interpretiert?

In the British Museum there is a hand-held etching of 34, 5 cm in height and 25, 4 cm in width.

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1868-0808087303

a black and white image:

a black and white image of the etching, as measurements are specified 35, 7 height and 25, 3 cm width:

https://www.akg-images.co.uk/CS.aspx?VP3=SearchResult&ITEMID=2UMDHUF9TDC4&LANGSWI=1&LANG=German

for interpretation

Die in London (near Hannah Humphrey, 27 St James’s Street) on 26. November 1804 James Gillray’s cartoon is directed against Napoleon and against the French Revolution. Napoleon was crowned the Emperor of the French on December 2, 1804 in Paris. An application for a constitutional change with an imperial dignity inherited in Napoleon’s family was already on the 18th. It was decided on 20 May 1804 and adopted on 20 May. May 1804 rectified, so the presence of the event is known.

Napoleon is shown as badly in the caricature, above all in terms of being a child of the French Revolution, and this is in an expression “of terror” operated by Jacobins and Sansculotten (Sansculotten are politically mobilized followers of the revolution from the simple urban crowd). terreur [‘Terror’]) 1793/1794. Napoleon is seen as a descendant and heritage of the revolution, the death sentences and the execution of a king from a dynasty with a long tradition.

Napoleon is portrayed satirically as small as a child, not as a full ruler. He is inappropriate to take over the predominance at that time as a monarch. The Jacobinic direction appears as a mother and bigger as if she still has power in France. Napoleon is devalued in comparison with King Louis XVI.

If the William Shakespeare-quote (from “König Lear”, 3rd act, 4th scene) not shown in the illustration of the worksheet is included below the picture, accusations are made against Napoleon and against the French Revolution, miserable/heucherious, easy-believing/wrongly understand, bloodthirsty, a devastating Diebischer Heimlichtuer, puzzy/waken

Napoleon understood himself as a “son of revolution”, its legitimate heritage.

According to a report by Samuel Taylor Coleridge in the newspaper “Morning Post” on 18. February 1800, the English Prime Minister William Pitt spoke in a speech on the continuation of the war with France in the House of the English Parliament on 17th February 1800 Napoleon as a “Child and Master/Pre-Camper/Proponent of Jacobinism” (English: child and champion of Jacobinism) described. This name has spread in England.

The military uniform indicates Napoleon’s rise in the wars of revolution and its continuation.

The Jacobins have wanted the Republic in France from 1792. The caricature indicates execution (January 21, 1793) of King Louis XVI and overthrow of the kingdom in France. Napoleon was some time Jacobiner, but not beyond 1794. He then turned against Jacobiner, arrested Jacobiner in 1801 and let him deport to Guyana (forcibly sent). In 1804 the Jacobins in France were not in power for a long time, and Napoleon stood in opposition to them. The cartoon is not a true reproduction of the actual situation in 1804, but rather wants to associate Napoleon with a radical direction.

Description

The caption is called “The Genius of France onlysing her darling” (The Genius of France is chasing his favorite).

The Genius (protection spirit, creative spirit) is in the caricature an ugly woman type »house dragons«/»Flintenweib«, which is clearly beyond the time of the youth blossom. The tuber nose and cheeks are red-coloured like excessive alcohol consumption. The mouth is bulging, there are sharp wrinkles in the face, the hairs are thorny. The woman wears a long simple yellowish-beige dress with some white on chest and arms and red shoes. On her head, she carries a red phrygic cap (then interpreted as a liberty cap; there is also the name ‘Jakobinermütze’, therefore probably the name ‘Jakobinerkappe’ and there is a cot (a ribbon loop in the form of a rosette, was widely used during the French Revolution as a sign on top cover or clothing worn in the public) in the French national colours blue, white and red. The woman symbolizes in a national allegory France (until 1804 French Republic, then French Empire) and stands for Jacobinism. She sits on a chair/shackle with armrests and back cushions.

The woman holds up with her arm, like for swinging, a small Napoleon like a child. Apparently, she took it from a basket-shaped cradle standing on the ground with bedding in the colors pink and white. The Napoleon sitting on the right hand carries military uniform (black boots with red trim, white trousers, blue jacket with yellow and red trim, sash with red and white stripes) as well as a black two-tip with yellow trim and a large feather bush in the French national colors blue, white and red and over the uniform the crown coat (blue, French hermelin fur with black fleece). With the index finger of his left hand, Napoleon shows eagerly and eagerly on a rattle/rocket with bells/cuffs and a crown up, held up by the woman with the left hand raised. This illustrates his desire to become a monarch. In his right hand he holds a scepter with the lily of the Bourbon royal house

The woman sings, griefing Napoleon, something from a children’s story:

“There’s a little King Pippin

“He shall have a Rattle & Crown,

Bless thy five Wits my Baby

“Mind it dont throw itself down!

Hey my kitten, my kitten &c &c.”

“There is a little king Pippin.

He should have a rattle and a crown.

Blessed are your five senses/understanders, my baby:

Be careful not to fall.

Hey, my kitten, my kitten, etc.)

Several small human heads are attached to the chair/chair. The red back cushion is decorated in brown color with the illustration of a guillotine (1792 in Franreich inserted execution instrument). The left hand of the woman, the left arm and the dress in the height of the legs are blood stained. Behind the chair/chair there is an oval sign with three longitudinal strips in the French national colors blue, white and red. Approximately in the middle, the portrait of the head (the abandoned head) of King Louis XVI is depicted, separated by the execution by means of guillotine and bleeding. Below is a twisted crown (symbol for overthrow of the kingdom). On the left side is the caption: “Vive la République(French); ‘Live the Republic’, on the right hand the inscription: ‘The Last of Kings“ (English: “The Last of the Kings”). Stretched to the wall is a bleeding pic (typical weapon of the Sansculotten).

Below the caricature image, verses from a seal are added:

“False of Heart, light of Ear, bloody of Hand,

“Fox in Stealth, Wolf in Greediness, Dog in Madness,

“Lion in Prey: – bless thy Five Wits” –

vide Shakespeares King Lear”

(Falsh of heart, slightly of ear, bloody by hand,

a fox of home lighting, a wolf of greed, a dog of rabies/tollness/whetherness/rapture,

a lion of robbery: – blessed are your five minds” –

see Shakespeare’s King Lear”)