Why and how does the Stirling engine run even when cold?
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The temperature difference occurs in the Stirling engine. For example, you could use ice water on the cold side and then room temperature on the warm side. Just as well, you could also have room temperature on the cold side and on the warm then 40°. In both cases, the difference is 20°.
It works the better the greater the difference. For example, ice water and a burning candle would be good.
This is slightly misleading, actually relevant is the quotient, i.e. the example with the ice water even works better.
OneHeat turbineis a machine that converts heat into mechanical energy (work). It exploits the desire of warmth, from regions with higher to those with lower temperatures to flow. Examples are steam engine, steam turbine, internal combustion engines and Stirling engine.
Therefore, a reservoir with low temperature is always necessary (The “cold side” of the machine). See “Carnot’s Circle Process”.