Why doesn't ethanol react as an acid?
It has a positively polarized H atom like other acids but does not react as a
How come?
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Alcohol is an acid. For example, it reacts with sodium to form alcoholate ions, in principle not different from HCl:
Na + C2H5OH ⟶ Na+ + C2H5O ̄ + 1⁄2 H2
Na + HCl ⟶ Na + Cl ̄ + 1⁄2 H2
However, alcohol is a very weak acid, even a trace weaker than water. This is due to the fact that the oxygen atom with the negative charge is not happy and therefore its H+ only unpredictable.
The strong acids, which are known in class, deal with the problem that they have several O atoms between which the negative charge is distributed. In the case of the H2 SO4, hydrogen sulfate HSO4 ̄ is first formed by deprotonation (the negative charge is smeared between three O atoms), and in the second then sulfate SO42 ̄, the two negative charges have a total of four O atoms.
Acid is a relative term. The acid is a proton donor. And if the proton acceptor is strong enough, ethanolates can form from the ethanol.
https://de.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanolate
Phenol, for example, reacts significantly acid.
Water is also a relatively weak acid. Acids such as acetic acid and sulfuric acid form more stable anions.