Volksempfänger?
Guten Tag,
bestehen Volksempfänger aus giftigen Bauteilen oder enthalten die Röhren giftige Stoffe oder eventuell Quecksilber?
VG
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There’s only very little in it. And a people’s receiver is a piece of history that one should also treat it as such. So if you have a problem with the fact that there are minors of substances that appear to be too dangerous for you, then don’t dispose of the device, but at least adjust to Ebay classifieds – so that it stays. For this, there is usually always someone who takes it up, possibly also repaired or restored!
Why do many people panic in substances like: mercury, asbestos, fine dust?
But no one thinks about the ingredients of drugs. These are also substances that can damage humans in the long term and in high doses.
I’m sure the school building you went to school was full of asbestos. Have you seen movies in the class that were played with a film projector? There was asbestos in there to protect the operator from the hot projection lamp.
Did you have the subject “Chemie” at school? You were also regularly exposed to substances that are not healthy in the long term. Bromo, boron, etc.
People’s receivers do not contain substances that are so dangerous that you should get panic.
Hello, thank you. But please don’t think I’m like that, because I’m asking for another person who’s always worried about a lot and still wants opinions from other people.
Best regards
Sure. I always ask for a friend when I get too uncomfortable topics.
No, I really mean it, I’m a minor, and my mother’s with everyone I’m buying. I am interested in old stuff (including cameras, old documents (autographs) and coins. She has already been excited to drag her ne coin into the house with green pan, because that is sooo deadly 😂😂
I would say here quietly: in normal use of the equipment: No, there is no danger for the operator of any toxic substances.
Nonetheless, the device has now been covered by the strict RoHs guidelines, for example, the soldering tin is still a lead solder and, of course, the device itself is built on the basis of the provisions in force at that time regarding contact protection and safety.
That’s not a reason to panic. As an electrical engineer, I would advise anyone to maintain even well-preserved devices and, if necessary, to restore them as well as to obtain them in the original state.
All-current devices that might threaten to be in phase with the chassis (if the plug is “wrong” around), I would simply recommend to operate on a separating transformer. The device thus remains in its original state as a time certificate. I would connect a transmitter wirelessly via an AM modulator, usually it is enough to modulate a 1MHz quartz oscillator.
Radio tubes do not contain mercury, the solder tin used is naturally leady, PCB for capacitors was not yet invented. The phenolic resin (Bakelite) housing releases toxic substances (phenol, cresol, formaldehyde) during firing, but is in itself flame-retardant. It is very likely to contain selenium plate straighteners. Sele is poisonous, but if it does not burn in a short circuit, nothing happens.
PCB stands for Printed Circuit Board. Thus, any circuit board which arises via e.g. exposure and etching can be described as such. Thus, PCBs made of hard paper impregnated with phenolharj e.g. pertinax are PCBs. The FR4 base material was not yet available(?) Or was not often used.
But with capacitors alone, everything has nothing to do. However, the housing of some capacitors was originally made of Bakelite or a similar plastic.
Condensers contained a time Polyc.hlorified Biphenyle (Clophene) as a dielectric. But these problematic chemical compounds were as unknown as your PCBs.
What a coincidence that there were only very few people with a net criminal. The ones there did not need a selenium rectifier, as there were all-current devices. In addition, a rectifier tube was used in most folk receivers.
The formaldehyde will be evaporated after a long time.
The casings of bactelite were prepared from phenol or cresols and formaldehyde. As I said, in one Brand that is partially released, otherwise there are no concerns.
Ahh the dielectric was meant to be right.
I thought you mean PCB’s carrier material.
You’re right, I know that as a chemist, of course, but the questioner?
Phenol is produced from lignite, from which brake linings for rail vehicles are also made. When a train brakes, it smells typical of S-Bahn. Even if the housing should begin to burn from Bakelit, the released substances will not kill anyone. The dose makes the poison.
In the rectifier tube (RGN354) of the original model, mercury vapor is, however, in a very small amount. If it breaks, it’s enough to ventilate once.
In the solders is lead, and generally the components contained should not be eaten. (Lastly, however, also applies to today’s devices).
Shit, and I just got out of an old
Tube radio made a wave salad…
A referendum is completely nontoxic.
from 1933
What do you think…?
Well, what do you think?
At that time, uranium powder was swallowed against gum blood.
What didn’t kill you immediately, that was considered a “healthy.”
This was the time in which rectifiers of mercury vapor tubes were replaced by copper oxide and selenium rectifiers. Depending on this, a device contains toxic mercury or not.
At that time, too, very strong poisons were used as wood preservatives, in particular formaldehyde. But not everywhere.
At the number of years you cannot say whether and what poisons have been used!
Mercury vapor rectifiers were intended for higher currents than would be necessary for a radio. In the mercury steam rectifier, we speak of orders of magnitude as several amperes. At the radio there were 20 – 50 mA rectifier tubes like the RGN1064, VY2, EZ80,EZ81, EZ90, EZ150, 5AR4 definitely do not contain any mercury.
VERY GOOD. At least one here has hatched 🙂
As already mentioned, the abovementioned rectifier tubes were installed, inter alia, in tube radios and definitely contained no mercury.
Double diode (Duodiode)
Double diodes (character B and Z) are tubes with two anodes and a common cathode. They were used in receivers for amplitude demodulation with independent generation of the control voltage as well as in ratio rectifiers for FM demodulation.
For rectifier purposes, a transformer with a center tap of the secondary winding is used, so that two-way directing is possible. The opposite ends of the anode voltage winding of the transformer are each connected to an anode. The positive pole of the rectified voltage is produced at the cathode and the center tap of the transformer winding forms the negative pole. In the case of a directly heated cathode, a separate insulated heating winding must be provided for the heating voltage on the transformer.
Examples of two-way rectifier tubes are, in addition to the AZ12 (directly heated), the types EZ80 and EZ81 (both are indirectly heated, therefore no separate heating winding is necessary on the transformer).
The EAA91 (equivalent types EB91, 6AL5, 6H2P, D2M9, D77, 6D2, 6B32, CV283, 6X2П and E91AA) has two independent single diodes in one piston – the cathodes are electrically separated. The same applies to the EYY13.
Mercury vapor rectifier are tubes filled with mercury and noble gas with unheated mercury pond cathodes. They therefore do not belong to the tube diodes in the narrower sense. They have been used for rectifier systems of greater power instead of tube diodes, since they are more effective – they have a lower voltage drop in the direction of passage, which is also evident in lower fluctuations in the output voltage at different loads.
What “thought” doesn’t matter what Drin is, that counts.
The first strong “Solid State” rectifiers came only around 1920 – at least those who are not expensive and huge. And they had to go through and become generally available, so many devices still have tubes. And rectifying tubes over 100mA are the simplest and cheapest to produce with mercury. If you have a medium tap on the transformer, you do not need a full bridge, here the mercury steam rectifier is then much cheaper than anything else on tubes.
Previously, QUecksilber was not considered to be harmful to health or as an environmental poison, so developers used to think about what is cheaper or works better. And mercury steam rectifiers are quite cheap and work very well. Clearly, there were already strong selenium rectifiers, even charging them with some amperes for batteries. But at the high voltages of a tube radio, the probability was that after a few years they fail very high. And since the ejectoriality has not been in fashion for a long time, the developers have paid more attention to durability.