The PC (Win10) gets stuck in boot, HDD shuts down and disks are swapped, slower than a Raspberry Pi5?

I want to address my PC problems instead of ignoring them. Moreover, it's not just one problem, but several that I'm trying to solve.

My PC: – Windows 10 Pro 64-bit
– SSD with Windows
– HDD (old)
– AM3+ ASUS M5A78L-M Plus/USB3
– 16GB DDR3 RAM
– CPU AMD FX8300
– GTX 1650 super
– Xilence 400Watt power supply

The problems:

1. My PC sometimes gets stuck on a black loading screen when starting up, and everything takes an extremely long time or doesn't work at all. This forces me to completely restart the PC.
2. The HDD is shutting down. Very often, the HDD simply shuts down. Sometimes you can hear the HDD briefly turning on, off, on again, and then finally off.
3. Sometimes the system switches to the old HDD Windows 10, which was copied over during the upgrade to the SSD without changing anything. So, go to the BIOS and change the first drive back to SSD.
4. The next "problem" regarding BIOS is that it doesn't open on my primary monitor every time, but instead on the turned-off TV, which is still connected to the PC. And it's always annoying to dig out the remote control and turn it on.
5. When I wanted to test a few things on my Raspberry Pi 5, I noticed that everything seemed much smoother than on my PC. Chromium opens faster, videos open more easily and without freezing for a few seconds. And according to the specs, my PC is actually a lot faster.

How exactly can I fix these problems without having to pay anything? I know that upgrading to, say, an AM5 platform would fix a lot of things, but it's also quite expensive.

I'm also wondering if a complete PC reset will help, how exactly it should be done, and how exactly I can recover all of my data, such as pictures, videos, etc., because I don't have a large USB drive that can store that amount of data .
Would it be possible to format my HDD beforehand and load everything I need onto it? And then, with a "new" Windows, could I open everything again and transfer it back?

LG