ByLukmon22
Let's say I have the IP address 192.168.10.0/28 and want to create 20 subnets. To do this, I calculate 2^5 = 32, so I can create a total of 32 subnets if I steal 5 bits from the host portion. The problem is, the host portion only has 4 bits, with a prefix of 28. How do I solve this problem?
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Ist faktisch nicht machbar. EIn /28 hat ja von Haus aus schon nur 14 nutzbare Adressen.
Heißt das, ich muss den Präfix 27 verwenden für 20 Subnetze?
Even then, you won't have anything left for the host part.
Anything less than 2 bits for the host portion is pointless and even 2 bits are borderline and have only very limited use.
Normally it works the other way around: you have a prefix and want to split it into subnets.
Quite simply, 2 host bits would be 4 addresses. Subtracting BC and Net, you're left with 2 freely usable addresses. Anything less makes no sense for a network.
Ultimately, you can only work with what YOU have. So, if you're given a prefix X, only YOU can decide whether to use subnetting and how many bits to use for subnet and host.
With a 28-bit prefix, you have 4 bits available, which corresponds to 16 addresses. Normally, you wouldn't use subnetting, since 14 usable addresses is already quite small.
But let's turn it around: we want 20 subnets (5 bits) and at least 6 usable IPs in each subnet, so 8 including BC and Net. That would be 3 bits for the host. So I need at least a 32-8=24 prefix.
But how do you get 2 bits? I'd like to know how to determine the correct prefix if you have a given number of subnets, for example, "create 16 subnets with the IP BlaBlaBla."