Acid-base reactions?
I have some fundamental questions about acid-base reactions that ChatGPT could not answer, or I doubt the answer:
1) Are acids and bases always polar?
In my opinion, they would have to be polar to release or absorb an H proton.
2) Do acid-base reactions always produce ions? (Negatively/positively charged atoms, as well as molecules?)
3) Do acid-base reactions only occur in liquids?
4) If so, how can the following product be created according to our school’s script:
Ionic compound, of course. But that wouldn't happen in a liquid solution. So is it correct that solid acids and bases, as well as gaseous acids and bases, can cause a reaction?
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ChatGPT is primarily a chat tray and no knowledge database. As a socher can the AI No provide reliable answers to any question, not to know what kind of expertise. In addition, it does not have direct access to the Internet, but only to internal data with which it was once fed. Ergo (at least in the field of chemistry) are roughly overcrowded 95% of the answers are either completely wrong or at least only half right. I’ll be right on your question.
1) Yes. At least the bond to which the “acid” H is located must be polar, otherwise it could be difficult to split off as H+. In principle, however, there is the possibility for a molecule to have polar bonds and to be nonpolar to the outside. This is the case when its polarities—more precisely the dipole moments of the individual bonds— coincide on the basis of molecular symmetry. However, this is rather rare, especially in simple acids and bases. So the answers the AI gives are wrong.
2) not necessarily, but often. Acid base reactions are only proton exchange reactions. Between which particles they take place no matter what.
3) no. See your example: HCl and NH3 are gases and also react in gaseous form as acid and base.
In addition to 4)
The ion compound as a product is not the reason why this reaction takes place.
In a liquid (e.g. water), this would happen as well. Depending on the concentration, stop over the water. So HCl + H2O -> Cl + H3O+ and NH3 + H2O -> NH4+ + OH-. Water is then recovered from H3 O+ and OH-. And in the end, you have the same product, namely NH4Cl, just dissolved in water.