Can someone give me a summary of the three topics, i.e. how to calculate them (like instructions)?

There are no general instructions on how to handle the themes of this checklist, as equations, (break)terms always look different and you have to decide individually how to best deal with the thing…

At the first point, you need to know what aquivalenforms are. These are deformations of an equation, which firstly do not alter the amount of solution and ideally bring you closer to the desired solution. These include the addition/subtraction, i.e. You can add/subtract the same value on both sides of the equation and the multiplication and division, i.e. You can multiply or even divide both sides with the same value, where here is the restriction that this value may not be 0. In addition, more specific deformations such as e.g. root pulling or logarithmizing on both sides, but the latter you have not yet used.

Making the sample is then simply to use the solution obtained by the deformations into the initial equation and to simply calculate both sides of the equation and then see if the same is left and right – then the task has been solved correctly.

At point 2, it is probably meant that you can determine the main niche for multiple fractures, which are added/subtracted, in order to be able to combine the individual fractures to a large break. In the case of fracture equations, it is then necessary to solve these with the aid of equivale forms.

The last point may be about transforming and solving the words contained in them into mathematical terms and equations from a task text. Simple example: “The three times a number reduced by seven gives the value two.” => “mathematic”: 3x-7=2 <=> 3x=9 <=> x=3