How do we know that metastases are cells that have migrated from another tumor and are not separate processes/tumors?
I bet there is no real evidence that a secondary tumor (incorrectly called a "metastasis") is cells from another primary tumor.
It makes no sense that "cauliflower-like" tumor cells in the intestine suddenly appear in the bone, causing cell loss, ie, making holes (bone cancer), or looking completely different in other organs.
There is certainly no real evidence that these are cell colonizations of a primary tumor.
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Yes, it is. The DNA of the degenerated cells can be examined and the tumor can thus be characterized very precisely. This is very important for selecting the right therapy. Today's technology is so sophisticated that it is even possible to track how a tumor undergoes genetic changes through mutations over time. Based on DNA, a metastasis can also be clearly linked to the primary tumor.
Cells mutate constantly. Without mutations, there would be no life. Humans, as we are now, constantly adapt to the changing conditions of their environment. Be it new sporting challenges, etc. Mutations are very good and important.
I'm curious to see what evidence there is and whether it is ACTUALLY identical DNA or just artificially calculated by a computer.
It's clear that chemotherapy isn't a therapy and is simply stupid. There's also no study that has proven any benefit from chemotherapy. It's clear to anyone with a clear mind that poisoning only harms, not cures.
You don't have to explain that to me, I'm a biologist.
Not all of them. Certainly not in the case of cancer.
Of course, chemotherapy is a form of therapy. Yes, it also attacks healthy cells and has massive side effects, just like any medication. There is no medication or therapy that is free of side effects. But since cancer is often incurable in other ways, chemotherapy is good and important despite the side effects.
Yes of course. You'll find numerous studies if you just search for them on Google Scholar. Your meaningless claim is contradicted by thousands of people around the world who are only alive because they underwent chromotherapy.
A lot of ignorance and prejudice. You don't believe science anyway. Your only arguments: I don't believe it… I can't imagine it…
What do you expect to hear?
The primary tumor and metastasis share the same DNA. Furthermore, metastases only form when the primary tumor invades the bloodstream or lymph nodes.
What is your thesis?
I bet there's no real evidence that the same DNA is present. If you did the same tests with any other cells, they would probably often come back with "same DNA." Often, these are just computer-generated things. So, no real evidence. Simply arranging everything as you need it is a good idea…
It was previously assumed that they were different tumors. Investigations then showed that they were related. 🤷🏻♂️
In oncology, for example, control groups are omitted. And so on. Oncology is definitely not a science.
This question can be asked anytime and anywhere. It starts with astronomy and ends with the pastor.
Well, it is questionable how serious these "investigations" are, to what extent the strict rules of scientific work are adhered to