How can I help my friend learn?

The problem is: At a certain level, especially in the humanities, you can no longer simply learn by heart, but have to develop an understanding of what you have learned.

The problem is: it doesn't.

Every time I study with her, I notice that she's just memorizing terms that she doesn't even understand.

I've tried so many times to explain to her that memorizing things isn't enough for the exams. But she just doesn't put it into practice. Somehow, she just doesn't understand.

I'd love to help her learn. But first, she needs to change her basic understanding of learning.

For example, if we read something from a textbook, she can recite the sentences afterwards. But she simply can't formulate it in her own words. But that's the point.