Hello dear people,
I have questions about this task:
(1) Why is the voltage u2(t) zero when u1(t) becomes negative?
(2) How do I get the 7.75V in the linear range? This voltage is the threshold voltage that provides the 4.7V of the diode in this range. (See Figure 2)
I hope for answers, thank you very much!
(1 votes)
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Zu1: On the input side you have a diode that only allows Srom to flow in the forward direction and needs at least 0.7V to allow a current to flow. If the input voltage drops below +0.7V, the diode is blocked, then no current can flow through the circuit. U=R*I, I=0A, i.e. U=0V
Zu2: The Z diode becomes conductive from 4.7V… Means that U output remains stable if at least 4.7V are present at the Z diode. Up to the point, however, a voltage at R1 also drops. This is up to 4.7V (so before the Z diode becomes conductive and stabilizes) only depending on the current through R2 and R3. For until then only a current flows through R2 and R3 which we must consider. At 4,7V, I23=UR23/R23 4,7V/4kOhm=1,175mA. This makes R1 according to UR1=R1*I23=2,35V. Thus, U_input must be 4,7V+2,35V+0,7V, so that the Z diode can become conductive at all, because only since the voltage at the Z diode reaches 4,7V…
Voice to “in principle” with 2 supplements (precisions):
* The diode “blocks” not below 0.7 volts – the current behaves according to the known e-function and also at 0.5.0.6 volts a (of course smaller) current flows.
* If the Z diode suddenly leads at 4.7V (a very much “divider” transition between blocking and passage as in the diode), then its dynamic internal resistance is very small (some ohms only) because of the very steep characteristic curve – and DESHALB remains almost “stable” and is almost independent of the connected resistors R2 and R3.
Since in the case of such theoretical tasks (without mentioned characteristic data sheets) one usually assumes ideal components, I also referred to it and did not consider the dynamic part for explanation. But yes, there is a certain dynamic in real components. It is only easier to calculate for the basic principle and the values shown. Otherwise, one would still have to look at the actual characteristic curve diagrams and calculate the operating points individually accordingly. Then the solution of the task would not be possible at all.
Thank you for the good explanations !, now I have more pleasure in electronics than maschbau 🙂