Central statements of Robespierre?

Hey, can anyone tell me what the central statements are? I have a few, but I don't know if they're correct.

The theory of revolutionary government is as new as the revolution from which it arose. It must be sought neither in the books of political writers who failed to foresee this revolution, nor in the legal codes of tyrants who are content to abuse their power and care little for its legitimacy.

Aristocrats either fear this term or use it as a slander. For tyrants, it's a scandal; for many others, it's a mystery. This term will have to be explained to everyone in order to win at least good citizens over to the principles of the public good.

The function of government is to direct all the moral and physical forces of the nation towards the goal it was established to achieve. The goal of constitutional government is to preserve the republic; the goal of revolutionary government is to establish the republic.

The revolution is the war of freedom against its enemies; the constitution is the rule of victorious and peaceful freedom. The revolutionary government must therefore be extraordinarily active, for it is waging war. It is not subject to uniform and rigid rules, for the circumstances in which it finds itself are stormy and turbulent, and it is constantly compelled to deploy new and effective forces against new and urgent dangers. Constitutional government is primarily concerned with the freedom of citizens; the revolutionary government with the freedom of the state. Under the constitutional regime, it is almost sufficient to protect individual citizens from the encroachments of state power; under the revolutionary regime, on the other hand, state power must defend itself against all parties that attack it.

The revolutionary government owes all good citizens the full protection of the nation; it owes death to the enemies of the people. […]

If revolutionary government must be more active and freer in its work than ordinary government, is it therefore less just and less legitimate? No, it is based on the most sacred of all laws, namely the welfare of the people, and on the most incontestable of all powers, namely necessity. Its rules, too, are based on justice and public order. It has nothing in common with anarchy and disorder. On the contrary! Its goal is to eliminate anarchy and disorder in order to bring about and consolidate the rule of law. It has nothing in common with arbitrariness, for it must be guided not by personal passions but by the public interest. It must adhere to ordinary and general principles in all cases where these can be strictly applied without endangering public liberty.

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Albrecht
1 year ago

What has been noted so far is quite good, but not complete.

An essential distinction in the text is that between revolutionary government (not subject to uniform and firm rules, in violent and dangerous circumstances, for the use of effective forces against dangers which urgently require countermeasures) and constitutional government (constitutional/legal government, in a solid state, mainly concerned with the freedom of citizens, protecting citizens from attacks by state violence is almost sufficient)

Central statements are:

  • The function/task of the government is to direct the moral and physical forces of the nation to the purpose for which it has been established.
  • The aim of the Constitutional Government is to preserve the Republic.
  • The aim of the revolutionary government is to establish the Republic.
  • The revolution is a war of freedom against its enemies.
  • The Constitution is the government of victorious and peaceful freedom.
  • Because the revolutionary government is in war and is threatened by severe threats, it must be extremely active without being bound by uniform and rigid rules and regulations, and defending the freedom of the state and the state violence against attacks.
  • The revolutionary government is obliged to all good citizens to protect the nation, to kill enemies of the people.
  • The revolutionary government is no less just and legitimate (justified) than the ordinary government, because it is based on the welfare of the people and on the need.
  • The rules of the revolutionary government are also based on justice and public order; it is something completely different than anarchy and disorder, because its aim is to bring about and consolidate the rule of law, and it is not intended to guide the willingness of personal passions, but the public interest.
  • The revolutionary government must adhere to the ordinary and general principles as far as their strict application does not endanger public freedom.